Today we will introduce to you the regular training lesson for Primary School Module 22 so that you can see the role of the application of educational software in teaching.
1. The role of primary education software:
PMDH is an important teaching medium, at a higher level than other visual teaching aids, creating conditions for fundamental innovation in teaching content and methods of formation in students, developing working capacity, learning and adapting to the modern social environment.
In today’s rapidly developing society, teaching is not only limited to classroom hours but can be self-study under the direct guidance of teachers or self-study at home.
The use of teaching software not only helps teachers implement the mass program well, but also allows the implementation of new teaching methods capable of meeting the requirements of self-discovery of knowledge and skill training of any student. any student, at any time, according to optional content to the extent appropriate to the ability, will and ability, condition of each individual.
PMDH can display information in the form of text, symbols, graphs, maps, drawings, photos, movies, cartoons, videos, etc. With simple operations such as pressing, moving, clicking, etc. To select and arrange the order according to the purpose, students will be very excited to see their request fulfilled immediately, this has the effect of stimulating interest in self-study activities. Beautiful, clear, colorful images, accompanied by words, musical accompaniment … simultaneously or consecutively affecting the senses, helping students use their hands and eyes to see, hear, think… while learning and practicing. easy to understand, master knowledge and acquire necessary skills and techniques. PMDH also allows teachers to select necessary visual materials for each part of the lesson and is very convenient to use in teaching.
With “open” PMs, teachers can build and design lectures, exercises, etc. to make teaching materials. Documents in PM can be easily copied to floppy disk or printed on paper, saving a lot of preparation time and effort, creating necessary conditions for students’ self-study activities.
PMDH helps students find new knowledge by themselves, self-review, practice according to the content of their choice, in depth depending on their own capacity.
Thus, the use of teaching software as a means of teaching the subject, supporting students’ learning as a teaching and learning support tool, contributes to training creative thinking skills. . Creativity, communication, independent problem-solving, searching and information processing skills underpin lifelong learning for everyone. Widely develop the application of IT in many subjects, all schools, all classes, all industries through all kinds of software (PMDH, self-study PM, test and evaluation PM…) in a stylish environment.
2. Pedagogical requirements:
The need to use teaching software in primary schools is increasing, now there are many teaching software, but looking back, teachers and parents are not interested in using such software to help children learn. It proves that the above software has not fully met the pedagogical requirements, although the technical performance is quite high. Pedagogical requirements for elementary-level teaching software:
2.1. Teaching software must be suitable for primary school curriculum and textbooks:
A good teaching software must be associated with a specific program, the program prescribed by the National Board of Education.
For regular and effective use, there should be enough software for classes, applications with chapters and knowledge items included in the program. The software system has a structure corresponding to the structure of the primary school program.
Make sure the requirements are the same for each chapter such as focus, theory level, skill level, technique.
Make sure that the presentation corresponds to that in existing textbooks and teacher manuals. The objects displayed on the screen are not too different from the objects presented in the textbook, but should only have the effect of supplementing and diversifying the knowledge in the program.
2.2. Ensure the characteristics are appropriate for the student’s age:
For elementary students, it is necessary to build games through games to form new knowledge or practice appropriate skills and techniques. Creating a game requires many stages, but it contributes to creating an attractive and useful software system for elementary students. Games can be linked by certain characters, the content of the game comes with conditions that, when meeting those conditions, the child must have certain necessary knowledge or skills. Leverage visual expression, color, and music to capture your child’s interest.
Because children’s ability to analyze and focus attention is limited, screens must be presented neatly, focusing on central information. There should not be multiple notifications on the screen at the same time.
One piece of information cannot span two screen pages.
The requirements asked should be clear.
2.3. About interface organization:
In order for students and (including teachers) to be easy to understand and use, it is necessary to create a child-friendly interface, with children in grades 1 and 2 mainly using pictures, grades 3, 4 and 5 use pictures. Use more text menus.
There is help used on a regular basis. These instructions should be neatly presented, in large font, and accompanied by a graphic depicting the procedure used as a template.
The creation of technical tricks such as flashing, highlighting letters, sounds must be used in the right place: focusing attention on the information intended to convey to the child.
2.4. The software must be suitable with the characteristics of the teacher’s teaching work and the student’s work:
A special feature of elementary school teachers is that they don’t like too complicated jobs, having to invest a lot of effort for each lesson in class. Therefore, the teaching software is not too cumbersome but must be organized compactly, according to relatively independent modular units, each module corresponds to a unit of knowledge in the program and full of information. Full support guide makes it easy to understand. This module includes content from reviewing new knowledge to skills training and assessment exercises arranged in a certain sequence. Selecting the specific unit should be easy, not time consuming.
The software allows users to go back or forward or skip an exercise, exit the program at any time.
With no class time limits on the “Measuring Mass and Units” section of math, a system of sample exercises is available for students to do in the order and manner chosen by the data. Parents and teachers can choose from this model system without having to add anything.
However, the software not only closes the hardware, but can allow teachers and parents to create their own personalized lesson systems, create new objects with new data to create assignments for students, students, the opportunity to develop and diversify software with its own products.
2.5. Linking software to teach subjects to form lessons:
Primary school is characterized by being able to study many subjects in a short time, not just one subject. Therefore, teaching software must be combined with learning software; different subjects such as math, Vietnamese, foreign languages, natural and social sciences, history, geography, music… Teachers or students’ parents can choose from the menu and the software will arrange them automatically. arranged, knowledge units in the selected order. When entering the computer, students will have to do all the exercises prescribed by their parents or teachers. Results and detailed evaluation will be saved.
2.6. Taking into account teaching forms and teaching methods:
The process of using teaching software takes place in the context of teaching and learning in class and at home. It is necessary to consider the possibility of using the software with simultaneous classroom teaching, group teaching, level-based teaching and individual learning.
In class, attention should be paid to the forms of group activities, level work and individual work. At home, you need to pay attention to do individual homework.
When building teaching software, it is necessary to consider the use of other teaching media in a unified relationship such as video tapes, cassettes, movies, etc. Along with that, computers become an element in the teaching process. and study.
3. Practice some teaching software in primary school:
Software design is based on the following principles:
– (1) Understand the purpose of teaching according to the current curriculum
For example, we build teaching software on the subject of People and health to meet the goals of knowledge, skills and attitudes of this topic according to the program issued by the Ministry of Education and Training for this subject. This. From mastering the teaching purpose, we can determine the appropriate teaching content and teaching methods for each lesson, which is shown specifically through the lesson plan script included in the teaching software. In addition, we pay attention to developing the skills of observing, commenting, asking questions, and expressing our understandings to students. The software must support creating situations, design an environment for students to interact with, and provide pedagogical guidance to help students acquire subject knowledge.
– (2) Ensure the accuracy of the teaching content
The content of the teaching software is designed to correspond to the program structure and the textbooks of Nature and Society. The form of presentation is suitable for the content of the textbook, in addition, it has the effect of supplementing and diversifying the knowledge of the topic. Knowledge is compiled in the form of modules, with a volume of knowledge suitable for different levels, teachers can flexibly organize cognitive activities, crop or replace to suit each situation. . Even come up with design ideas to handle the situation when the power goes out while still ensuring the goal of the lesson.
– (3) Suitable for age physiological characteristics
Primary school age is the age of “learning to play, playing to learn”. Teaching software must make students excited to learn through beautiful images, songs, stories, and games to achieve teaching goals. Images, videos or slide layouts must make teachers and students excited to learn. Teaching software allows to design many simulation images, slideshows but must ensure visual principles. The color of the wallpaper follows the principle of contrast. Images and videos must be clear, beautiful, with good resolution. The sound is not mixed with noise. The font size when projecting on a TV screen (25 inches) for few people to see or using a Projector projector to project onto the screen for about 30-50 people, the appropriate font size must be from size 28 or more.
– (4) Promoting the senses of learners
Teaching software has the ability to integrate multimedia (text, sound, images, animation …) so it is necessary to take advantage of these advantages to maximize the senses of students in the learning process. . Use your ears to listen to a piece of music. Use your hands to control the keyboard or mouse of the computer. Or use multi-sensory coordination.
– (5) Has the effect of creating symbols and substitutes for perceived objects
In Nature and Society subjects, real objects (human bodies, animals, trees, ..) are the objects of students’ cognitive activities. Students can observe individually or in groups and discuss to answer the teacher’s questions. When building software, we pay attention to images that are used as representations, replacing objects of cognitive activities that students are not directly exposed to. That is, to understand a thing, a phenomenon or a process, students perceive another object to replace it and through this substitution, students grasp the object to be understood. For example, in Grade 2’s Digestive Activity on People and Health, students failed to observe the process of food digestion taking place in the human digestive system. Through animations simulated by Macromedia Plash MX software about the process of digesting food in the human body, students grasp the knowledge that the lesson requires, for example, in the mouth, food is crushed by teeth. small, kneading tongue and moist saliva. In the stomach, food is continuously mixed, some of the food is converted into nutrients…
– (6) Convenient for human-machine interaction
Teaching software is designed to maximize interaction between students and related factors such as test results, learning content, teachers and classmates. Links between items must be quick, easy to find, use, edit, add, remove, copy, simple, and easy for users. In addition, the software must select the content and presentation so that teachers can organize teaching in many different forms and methods. The interaction is shown in multiple-choice exercises with answers
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